[Verse 1]
The blind cannot see the road of life,
The one-eyed sees wealth but misses the truth,
The two-eyed sees both the world and karma,
Knowing what to do and what to leave behind.
[Verse 2]
Walk with the good, and your life finds light,
Walk with the harmful, and you may lose your way,
Kind words bloom like flowers in the heart,
Truthful words flow gently like honey.
[Chorus]
Open two eyes, awaken wisdom,
See the world with Dhamma in your heart,
If you have wealth, learn how to share,
If you have strength, give and care.
[Verse 3]
Let the body cause no harm,
Let the voice become a source of peace,
Let the mind release its anger,
Plant good causes every day.
[Verse 4]
Remember those who helped you find the way,
Those who showed the path beyond suffering,
From darkness to light, from fear to truth,
From confusion into wisdom.
[Chorus]
Open two eyes, awaken wisdom,
See the world with Dhamma in your heart,
If you have wealth, learn how to share,
If you have strength, give and care.
[Bridge]
Let not the mind remain an old wound,
Let wisdom flash like lightning bright,
Let the heart become strong as a diamond,
And walk beyond suffering into light.
[Final Chorus]
Open two eyes, awaken wisdom,
Know yourself, know others, know the way,
Listen, reflect, and practice every day,
Let the light of goodness guide the world.
[Ending]
Two eyes of wisdom, shining bright,
Seeing truth beyond the passing night,
When we know ourselves and choose the good,
Life becomes a path of peace and truth.
The Puggalavagga Teaches the Wisdom of Knowing People, Developing Wisdom, and Choosing the Right Path
The Puggalavagga, found in the Aṅguttara Nikāya, Tika-nipāta, First Fifty, presents a profound examination of human character and conduct. It describes different kinds of people and provides practical guidance on how human beings should develop themselves, choose their companions, use speech wisely, and cultivate wholesome actions.
The Puggalavagga contains ten discourses: Saviṭṭha Sutta, Gilāna Sutta, Saṅkhāra Sutta, Bahukāra Sutta, Vajirūpama Sutta, Sevi Sutta, Jiguccha Sutta, Kūṭabhāṇī Sutta, Andha Sutta, and Avakujjita Sutta.
The Saviṭṭha Sutta: True Worth Lies in Development
The Saviṭṭha Sutta points toward the importance of personal development and wholesome conduct. Human worth should not be judged merely by outward status, but by the qualities that lead a person toward wisdom, goodness, and freedom from suffering.
The Gilāna Sutta: People Are Different, So Help Must Be Appropriate
The Gilāna Sutta compares different people to three kinds of patients. Some recover when they receive suitable food, medicine, and care; others recover under different circumstances.
The teaching suggests that people have different conditions and needs. Therefore, guidance and assistance should be offered with understanding rather than through a single rigid method.
The Saṅkhāra Sutta: Body, Speech, and Mind Create Consequences
The Saṅkhāra Sutta emphasizes bodily, verbal, and mental formations. Actions motivated by harmful intentions lead toward harmful consequences, while non-harming conduct leads toward better results.
The teaching highlights a central Buddhist principle: our lives are shaped by what we repeatedly do, say, and think.
The Bahukāra Sutta: Those Who Lead Others Toward Wisdom Are Truly Helpful
The Bahukāra Sutta describes three kinds of people who are greatly beneficial to others: those who help people take refuge in the Buddha, Dhamma, and Saṅgha; those who help others understand suffering, its origin, its cessation, and the path leading to its cessation; and those who help others realize liberation through wisdom.
The message is powerful: the greatest gift is not merely material wealth, but guidance that leads another person toward wisdom and freedom from suffering.
The Vajirūpama Sutta: The Mind Can Be Like an Old Wound, Lightning, or a Diamond
The Vajirūpama Sutta presents three types of mental character: a mind like an old wound, a mind like lightning, and a mind like a diamond.
The first reacts with anger and resentment. The second can quickly illuminate the truth. The third represents a mind of exceptional strength, associated with liberation through profound wisdom.
The Sevi Sutta: Choose Your Companions Wisely
The Sevi Sutta distinguishes among people who should not be associated with, people who should be associated with, and people who should be approached with respect.
The basic principle is clear: association influences character. Associating with inferior people may lead to decline; associating with equals prevents decline; and associating with those who are spiritually superior can lead to growth.
The Jiguccha Sutta: Avoid Conduct That Brings Moral Decline
The Jiguccha Sutta warns against people whose conduct is immoral, dishonest, or corrupt. Even when we do not imitate them, close association with such people can damage our reputation and influence the direction of our lives.
The Kūṭabhāṇī Sutta: Speech Can Build or Destroy
The Kūṭabhāṇī Sutta describes three kinds of speech: speech like excrement, speech like flowers, and speech like honey.
False and dishonest speech is compared to something foul. Speech that avoids harshness and harm is compared to flowers. Pleasant, truthful, and welcome speech is compared to honey.
In the age of social media, this teaching is particularly relevant. A single sentence can travel to thousands or millions of people. Mindful speech can therefore become an instrument of peace.
The Andha Sutta: The Blind, the One-Eyed, and the Two-Eyed Person
The Andha Sutta offers a memorable metaphor: three kinds of people are compared to the blind, the one-eyed, and the two-eyed.
The “blind” person lacks both practical ability to acquire and manage wealth and the wisdom to distinguish wholesome from unwholesome conduct. The “one-eyed” person can acquire wealth but lacks moral and spiritual discernment. The “two-eyed” person possesses both practical competence and the wisdom to distinguish right from wrong.
The message is especially relevant to modern society: economic success alone is not enough; prosperity should be accompanied by wisdom and ethical conduct.
The Avakujjita Sutta: Listening to Dhamma Must Lead to Practice
The Avakujjita Sutta compares people to different kinds of vessels: one that is overturned, one that resembles a ladle, and one that can truly contain what is poured into it.
The lesson is that merely listening to Dhamma is not sufficient. True learning requires understanding, reflection, retention, and practice. A person who practices in accordance with the Dhamma can progress toward the end of suffering.
Conclusion: Knowing Others Begins With Knowing Ourselves
Taken as a whole, the Puggalavagga is not simply a classification of other people. It is a mirror for self-examination.
Its central lessons can be summarized in five principles:
First — Develop body, speech, and mind toward wholesome conduct.
Second — Choose good companions and avoid relationships that lead to decline.
Third — Speak truthfully, kindly, and beneficially.
Fourth — Build prosperity honestly while developing wisdom.
Fifth — Listen to Dhamma and put it into practice.
The deepest question raised by the Puggalavagga is therefore not simply, “What kind of people are around me?” but “What kind of person am I becoming?”
A truly developed person seeks both material competence and moral wisdom, both knowledge and practice, and uses these qualities for the benefit of oneself and others.
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