This article examines the “Abhidhamma Pitaka, Volume 1: Dhammasangani” as a foundational scripture of Buddhist psychology and metaphysics within the Theravāda Buddhist tradition. The text focuses on the analytical study of the Four Ultimate Realities (Paramattha Dhammas)—namely consciousness (citta), mental factors (cetasika), material phenomena (rūpa), and Nibbāna—in order to explain ultimate truth beyond the conventional notion of selfhood.
A central theme of the scripture is its detailed explanation of the operational mechanisms of mental and existential phenomena, together with its systematic classifications, which scholars have compared to an “ethical periodic table” that enables a profound understanding of human behavior and mental processes.
Furthermore, the Dhammasangani has gained international recognition as a prototype for the modern science of mental cultivation and emotional management. Contemporary scholars and researchers increasingly apply its principles to promote mental well-being and to address ethical crises in modern society in a sustainable manner.
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